Izimoto zikagesi (EVS) zithole ukuthandwa okubalulekile eminyakeni yamuva nje, zinikeza enye indlela enobungane yemvelo yezimoto zendabuko zangaphakathi zokuhlanganisa. Ingxenye ebucayi yanoma iyiphi i-EV ibhethri yayo, kanye nokuqonda isikhathi sokuphila kwalawa mabhethri kubalulekile kubo bobabili abanikazi bamanje nabangaba khona. Le ndatshana ihlinzeka ngokuhlola okujulile kwezinto ezithonya i-Lifespan yamabhethri e-EV, iqhaza lemikhuba yokushaja, amawanti webhethri, nini ukubheka ukushintshwa kwebhethri, kanye nokuthola ukufakwa esikhundleni, ngokugxila okuthile ku-Iqabunga leNissan.
Izici ezithonya impilo yebhethri le-EV
1.Battery Chemistry:
Amabhethri e-eVamabhethri e-lithium-ion (li-ion). Amakhemikhali athile webhethri angathinta kakhulu impilo yawo. Isibonelo, amabhethri ane-nickel-cobalt-aluminum (NCA) chemistry avame ukuba nesikhathi sokuphila isikhathi eside uma aqhathaniswa ne-chemistry (NMC).
I-2.Temperature:
Ukushisa kudlala indima ebalulekile ekuwohlokeni kwebhethri. Amazinga okushisa aphezulu angasheshisa ukusabela kwamakhemikhali ngaphakathi kwebhethri, okuholela ekunciphiseni okusheshayo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amazinga okushisa aphansi kakhulu nawo angathinta kabi ukusebenza kwebhethri nokuphila isikhathi eside.
3.Depth of Depect:
Ukujula kokudonswa kubhekisele kumaphesenti amandla ebhethri asetshenziswayo. Imvamisa ukukhishwa kwebhethri emazingeni aphansi kakhulu kunganciphisa isikhathi sayo sokuphila. Ngokuvamile kunconywa ukugwema ukukhishwa kwebhethri ngaphansi kwama-20% omthamo wawo.
4.Gcina imijikelezo:
Umjikelezo wokushaja uchazwa njengokukodwa okuphelele nokukhipha ibhethri. Inani lemijikelezo yokushaja ibhethri lingakhuthazela ngaphambi kokuba umthamo walo unciphise kakhulu kuyisihluthulelo esibalulekile sokuphila kwayo isikhathi sayo sokuphila. Iningi lamabhethri e-EV lenzelwe ukuhlala phakathi phakathi kwezimali eziyi-1 000 no-1,500.
I-5.Driving Habits:
Ukushayela okunolaka, kufaka phakathi ukushesha okusheshayo kanye nokushayela ngejubane eliphezulu, kungaholela ekusetshenzisweni kwamandla okuphezulu kanye nokushaja okuvame kakhulu, okungaba nomthelela ekunciphiseni kwebhethri okusheshayo.
6.Charging Imikhuba:
Imikhuba yokushaja ingenye yezinto ezilawulwa kakhulu ezithinta impilo yebhethri. Ukushaja ibhethri kaningi noma kulishiye ku-100% ukushaja isikhathi eside kungasheshisa ukonakaliswa. Ngokufanayo, ukusebenzisa amashaja asheshayo kaningi kunganciphisa nokuphila kwebhethri.
Imikhuba yokushaja nokuphila isikhathi eside kwebhethri
Amazinga wokushaja we-1.OpTimal:
Ukuze wandise impilo yebhethri, kuvame ukunconyelwa ukugcina ibhethri ishaja phakathi kwama-20% nama-80%. Ukushaja ku-100% kufanele kugcinwe uhambo olude lapho kudingeka khona uhla olungeziwe.
Ijubane le-2.Charging:
Ngenkathi amashaja asheshayo anikeza lula ukugcwaliswa kabusha kwamazinga ebhethri ngokushesha, angakhiqiza ukushisa futhi acindezele ibhethri, okuholela ekunciphiseni ngokushesha. Kungcono ukusebenzisa amashaja ahamba kancane noma ajwayelekile ezidingo ezijwayelekile zokushaja.
3.Charging Frequency:
Ukugwema imijikelezo egcwele njalo futhi ukushaja ibhethri kuphela lapho kunesidingo kungasiza ukwandisa isikhathi sayo sokuphila. Ukukhulisa ibhethri njalo ngemuva kokuthi uhambo olufushane kungaholela emijikelezweni engaphezulu yokushaja, okunganciphisa isikhathi sokuphila jikelele.
4. Ukugwema ukukhishwa ngokweqile kanye nokukhishwa okujulile:
Ukweqa ngokweqile (ukugcina ibhethri ku-100% izikhathi ezinde) nokudilizwa okujulile (okuvumela ibhethri ukuthi lidlule ngaphansi kwama-20%) kufanele kugwenywe ngenxa yempilo yebhethri.
Ukuqonda amawaranti webhethri
Abakhiqizi abaningi be-EV bahlinzeka ngamawaranti amabhethri abo, ngokujwayelekile basukela eminyakeni eyi-8 kuye kweli-10 noma inani elithile lamamayela, noma ngabe kuza kuqala. Lezi ziqinisekiso zivame ukumboza ukonakala okukhulu, okuchazwa njengokuncishiswa kwamandla ngaphansi kwamaphesenti athile (imvamisa ama-70-80%). Ukuqonda imigomo yewaranti yebhethri kubalulekile kubaninimakhi we-EV, ngoba ihlinzeka ngokuvikelwa ekuhlulekeni kusenesikhathi futhi inganciphisa kakhulu izindleko zokubuyiselwa kwebhethri.
Ungacabangisisa nini ukufaka ibhethri
Ukulahleka okujwayelekile ebangeni:
- Uma uhla lwemoto sekwehlile kakhulu, kungahle kube uphawu lokuthi ibhethri lifinyelela ekugcineni kwempilo yayo ewusizo.
Isidingo se-2.Frequent sokushaja:
- Uma uzithola udinga ukushaja imoto kaningi kunangaphambili, kungakhombisa ukuthi amandla ebhethri anciphile.
3.Battery Age:
- Njengoba kukhula amabhethri e-ev, ukusebenza kwawo ngokwemvelo kuyancipha. Uma ibhethri lisondele ekupheleni kwesikhathi salo sewaranti, kungenzeka kube yisikhathi sokubheka okunye esikhundleni.
Amathuluzi we-4.Diagnostic:
Iningi le-EVS liza lihlome ngamathuluzi okuxilonga anganikeza imininingwane ngempilo yebhethri. Ukuqapha la mathuluzi kungasiza ekuboneni ukuthi ukushintshwa kungadingeka yini.
Izindleko zokubuyisela ibhethri le-EV
Izindleko zokubuyisela ibhethri le-EV zingahlukahluka ngokuya nge-Make and Model yemoto, umthamo webhethri, nezindleko zabasebenzi ezithintekayo. Ngokwesilinganiso, ukufaka esikhundleni ibhethri le-EV kungasukela ku- $ 5,000 kuya ku- $ 15,000, yize amanye amamodeli aphezulu angadlula leli banga. Kubalulekile ukucubungula lezi zindleko lapho kuhlaziywa ubunikazi besikhathi eside semoto kagesi.
Ibhethri leqabunga laseNissanUkuqonda
I-Nissan Leaf, enye yezimoto ezithandwa kakhulu ngogesi emhlabeni jikelele, ibilokhu ikhiqizwa kusukela ngo-2010. Kuyo yonke le minyaka, ubuchwepheshe bebhethri leqabunga buye kwavela, amamodeli amasha anikela ngebanga elithuthukisiwe kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside. Kodwa-ke, njengawo wonke ama-EVS, ibhethri leqabunga lingaphansi kokonakaliswa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Umthamo we-1.Battery:
Amamodeli okuqala e-Nissan Leaf afakwe amabhethri angama-24 kWh, anikeza uhla lwamamayela acishe abe ngu-73. Amamodeli amasha manje afaka amabhethri anamakhono aze afike ku-62 kWh, anikeze amamayela afinyelela kuma-226.
I-2.DevaDation Amanani:
Ucwaningo lukhombisile ukuthi ibhethri leqabunga le-nissan leaf lihlasela ngezinga elijwayelekile elingaba ngu-2-3% ngonyaka. Kodwa-ke, leli zinga lingahluka ngokuya ngezinto ezifana nesimo sezulu, imikhuba yokushayela, kanye nemikhuba yokushaja.
Izindleko Zokubuyiselwa Kwe-3.Battery:
Izindleko zokufaka esikhundleni sebhethri le-Nissan Leaf zingahlukahluka, ngamanani asukela ku- $ 5,000 kuya ku- $ 8,000 ukuze ibhethri liwe. Izindleko zabasebenzi nezinye izimali ezihambisanayo zingangezela izindleko eziphelele.
I-4.Warranty:
INissan inikeza iwaranti engu-8-minyaka yonke / 100,000-mile ebhethri leqabunga, ukumboza ukonakala okubalulekile (ngaphansi kwamandla angama-70%) ngalesi sikhathi.
Ukuqonda isikhathi sokuphila kwebhethri le-EV kubalulekile ekwenzeni izinqumo ezinolwazi mayelana nobunikazi bezimoto zikagesi. Izici ezifana ne-Battery Chemistry, izinga lokushisa, izindlela zokushaja, kanye namaphethini okushayela wonke adlala indima ekunqumeni ukuthi ibhethri lesikhathi eside lizohlala isikhathi eside kangakanani. Ngokwamukela imikhuba ephelele yokushaja nokukhumbula izici ezithonya ukonakala kwebhethri, abanikazi be-EV bangakhulisa isikhathi sokuphila kwamabhethri abo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuqonda amawaranti webhethri, azi ukuthi kufanele acabangele nini okunye esikhundleni, futhi wazi ngezindleko ezingaba khona ezibandakanyekayo kungasiza ekuqinisekiseni okuhlangenwe nakho kobunikazi obubi futhi kubize.
I-Nissan Leaf, njengoSifundo Sokufunda, ihlinzeka ngokuqonda okubalulekile ekusebenzeni kwangempela komhlaba nasekude kwamabhethri e-EV. Ngenkathi ukushintshwa kwebhethri kungabiza kakhulu, kungukuvela okungajwayelekile, kanye nentuthuko kubuchwepheshe bebhethri bayaqhubeka nokwenza ngcono ukuqina kanye nokuphila kwamabhethri ezimoto kagesi. Njengoba imakethe ye-EV iyaqhubeka nokukhula, ukucwaninga okuqhubekayo kanye nokwenziwa okusha kungaholela kumabhethri ahlala ngaphansi nangaphezulu angenakubi, athuthukise ukukhalaza kwezikhalazo zikagesi.
Isikhathi sePosi: Aug-09-2024
