Iyini imodyuli yebhethri ye-lithium?

Ukubuka konke kwamamojula ebhethri

Amamojula ebhethri ayingxenye ebalulekile yezimoto zikagesi. Umsebenzi wawo ukuxhumanisa amaseli amaningi ebhethri ndawonye ukuze akhe ingqikithi ukuze kunikezwe amandla anele ukuze izimoto zikagesi zisebenze.

Amamojula ebhethri ayizingxenye zebhethri ezakhiwe ngamaseli amaningi ebhethri futhi ayingxenye ebalulekile yezimoto zikagesi. Umsebenzi wawo ukuxhuma amaseli amaningi ebhethri ndawonye ukuze akhe ingqikithi ukuze anikeze amandla anele ezimotweni zikagesi noma imisebenzi yokugcina amandla. Amamojula ebhethri awawona nje umthombo wamandla wezimoto zikagesi, kodwa futhi angenye yamadivayisi awo okugcina amandla abaluleke kakhulu.

Ukuzalwa kwamamojula ebhethri

Ngokombono womkhakha wokukhiqiza imishini, amabhethri eseli elilodwa anezinkinga ezifana nezakhiwo ezimbi zemishini kanye nokuxhumana kwangaphandle okungekuhle, okuhlanganisa ikakhulukazi:

1. Isimo sangaphandle somzimba njengosayizi nokubukeka asizinzile, futhi sizoshintsha kakhulu ngenqubo yomjikelezo wokuphila;

2. Ukuntuleka kokufakwa kwemishini okulula nokuthembekile kanye ne-interface yokulungisa;

3. Ukuntuleka kokuxhumeka kokukhipha okulula kanye nesikhombikubona sokuqapha isimo;

4. Ukuvikelwa okubuthakathaka kwemishini kanye nokuvikela ukushisa.

Ngenxa yokuthi amabhethri eseli elilodwa anezinkinga ezingenhla, kuyadingeka ukwengeza ungqimba ukuze ushintshe futhi uzixazulule, ukuze ibhethri lihlanganiswe futhi lihlanganiswe nemoto yonke kalula. Imodyuli eyakhiwe amabhethri amaningana kuya kwayishumi noma angamashumi amabili, anesimo sangaphandle esizinzile, esilula futhi esithembekile somshini, umphumela, isikhombikubona sokuqapha, kanye nokufakwa kokushisa okuthuthukisiwe kanye nokuvikelwa komshini kungumphumela walokhu kukhetha kwemvelo.

Imodyuli ejwayelekile yamanje ixazulula izinkinga ezahlukahlukene zamabhethri futhi inezinzuzo ezilandelayo eziyinhloko:

1. Ingakhiqiza kalula ukukhiqizwa okuzenzakalelayo futhi inokusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza okuphezulu, futhi ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo kanye nezindleko zokukhiqiza kulula ukuzilawula;

2. Kungakha izinga eliphezulu lokuma okujwayelekile, okusiza ekunciphiseni kakhulu izindleko zomugqa wokukhiqiza nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza; izixhumanisi ezijwayelekile kanye nezincazelo zilungele ukuncintisana okugcwele emakethe nokukhethwa kwezindlela ezimbili, futhi zigcina ukusebenza okungcono kokusetshenziswa kwe-cascade;

3. Ukuthembeka okuhle kakhulu, okungahlinzeka ngokuvikelwa okuhle komshini nokuvikela amabhethri kulo lonke umjikelezo wokuphila;

4. Izindleko zezinto zokusetshenziswa eziphansi kakhulu ngeke zibeke ingcindezi enkulu ezindlekweni zokugcina zokuhlanganisa uhlelo lwamandla;

5. Inani elincane kakhulu leyunithi elinakekelwayo lincane kakhulu, okunomthelela omkhulu ekunciphiseni izindleko zangemva kokuthengisa.

Isakhiwo sokwakheka kwemodyuli yebhethri

Isakhiwo sokwakheka kwemojuli yebhethri sivame ukufaka iseli yebhethri, uhlelo lokuphatha ibhethri, ibhokisi lebhethri, isixhumi sebhethri nezinye izingxenye. Iseli yebhethri iyisici esiyisisekelo kakhulu semojuli yebhethri. Yakhiwe ngamayunithi amaningi ebhethri, ngokuvamile ibhethri le-lithium-ion, elinezici zobuningi bamandla aphezulu, izinga eliphansi lokuzikhipha kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside kwenkonzo.

Kukhona uhlelo lokuphatha ibhethri ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha, ukuthembeka kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside kwebhethri. Imisebenzi yalo eyinhloko ihlanganisa ukuqapha isimo sebhethri, ukulawula izinga lokushisa kwebhethri, ukuvikela ukushaja ngokweqile/ukukhipha ngokweqile kwebhethri, njll.

Ibhokisi lebhethri liyigobolondo langaphandle lemodyuli yebhethri, elisetshenziselwa ukuvikela imodyuli yebhethri endaweni engaphandle. Ibhokisi lebhethri livame ukwenziwa ngezinto zensimbi noma zepulasitiki, ezinokumelana nokugqwala, ukumelana nomlilo, ukumelana nokuqhuma nezinye izici.

Isixhumi sebhethri siyingxenye exhumanisa amaseli amaningi ebhethri abe yinto eyodwa. Ngokuvamile senziwe ngezinto zethusi, esinomoya omuhle wokuhambisa, ukumelana nokuguguleka kanye nokumelana nokugqwala.

Izinkomba zokusebenza kwemojuli yebhethri

Ukumelana kwangaphakathi kubhekisela ekumelaneni kwamandla kagesi ageleza ebhethrini lapho ibhethri lisebenza, okuthintwa yizici ezifana nezinto zebhethri, inqubo yokukhiqiza kanye nesakhiwo sebhethri. Kuhlukaniswe ngokumelana kwangaphakathi kwe-ohmic kanye nokumelana kwangaphakathi kwe-polarization. Ukumelana kwangaphakathi kwe-ohmic kwakhiwe ukumelana kokuxhumana kwezinto ze-electrode, ama-electrolyte, ama-diaphragm kanye nezingxenye ezahlukahlukene; ukumelana kwangaphakathi kwe-polarization kubangelwa ukubola kwe-electrochemical kanye nomehluko wokuhlushwa kwe-concentration.

Amandla athile – amandla ebhethri ngevolumu noma isisindo ngasinye.

Ukusebenza kahle kokushaja nokukhipha amandla – isilinganiso sezinga amandla kagesi asetshenziswa yibhethri ngesikhathi sokushaja aguqulwa ngalo abe amandla amakhemikhali ibhethri elingawagcina.

I-Voltage – umehluko ongaba khona phakathi kwama-electrode amahle nangalungile ebhethri.

I-voltage yesekethe evulekile: i-voltage yebhethri uma kungekho circuit yangaphandle noma umthwalo wangaphandle oxhunyiwe. I-voltage yesekethe evulekile inobuhlobo obuthile nomthamo osele webhethri, ngakho-ke i-voltage yebhethri ivame ukulinganiswa ukuze kulinganiswe umthamo webhethri. I-voltage esebenzayo: umehluko ongaba khona phakathi kwama-electrode amahle nangalungile ebhethri lapho ibhethri lisesimweni sokusebenza, okungukuthi, lapho kukhona ugesi odlula ku-circuit. I-voltage enqunyiwe yokukhipha: i-voltage efinyelelwe ngemva kokuba ibhethri selishajwe ngokugcwele futhi likhishwe (uma ugesi uqhubeka, uzokhishwa ngokweqile, okuzolimaza impilo nokusebenza kwebhethri). I-voltage enqunyiwe yokushaja: i-voltage lapho ugesi oqhubekayo ushintsha ube yi-voltage eqhubekayo yokushaja ngesikhathi sokushaja.

Izinga lokushaja nokukhipha – khipha ibhethri ngogesi oqinile ongu-1H, okungukuthi, u-1C. Uma ibhethri le-lithium lilinganiselwe ku-2Ah, khona-ke u-1C webhethri ungu-2A kanti u-3C ungu-6A.

Ukuxhumeka okuhambisanayo – Umthamo wamabhethri ungandiswa ngokuwaxhumanisa ngokulingana, futhi umthamo = umthamo webhethri elilodwa * inani lokuxhumeka okuhambisanayo. Isibonelo, imodyuli ye-Changan 3P4S, umthamo webhethri elilodwa ngu-50Ah, bese umthamo wemodyuli = 50*3 = 150Ah.

Ukuxhumeka kochungechunge – I-voltage yamabhethri ingandiswa ngokuwaxhumanisa ochungechungeni. I-voltage = i-voltage yebhethri elilodwa * inani lezintambo. Isibonelo, i-module ye-Changan 3P4S, i-voltage yebhethri elilodwa ingu-3.82V, bese kuba i-voltage yemodyuli = 3.82*4 = 15.28V.

Njengengxenye ebalulekile ezimotweni zikagesi, amamojula ebhethri le-lithium anamandla adlala indima ebalulekile ekugcineni nasekukhululeni amandla kagesi, ekuhlinzekeni ngamandla, nasekuphatheni nasekuvikeleni amaphakethe ebhethri. Anemehluko ethile ekubunjweni, ekusebenzeni, ezicini nasekusetshenzisweni, kodwa wonke anomthelela obalulekile ekusebenzeni nasekuthembekeni kwezimoto zikagesi. Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe kanye nokwanda kwezicelo, amamojula ebhethri le-lithium anamandla azoqhubeka nokuthuthukisa futhi enze iminikelo emikhulu ekukhuthazeni nasekusakazeni izimoto zikagesi.