Izibani zasemgwaqweni zelanga seziyingxenye ebalulekile yengqalasizinda yesimanje yasemadolobheni, zinikeza ikhambi lokukhanyisa elinobungani nemvelo futhi elingabizi kakhulu. Lezi zibani zincike ezinhlotsheni ezahlukene zamabhethri ukuze zigcine amandla abanjwa amaphaneli elanga emini.
1. Izibani zasemgwaqweni zelanga zivame ukusebenzisa amabhethri e-lithium iron phosphate:
Iyini ibhethri le-lithium iron phosphate?
Ibhethri le-lithium iron phosphate uhlobo lwebhethri le-lithium-ion elisebenzisa i-lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) njengento ye-cathode kanye ne-carbon njengento ye-anode. I-voltage evamile yeseli elilodwa ingu-3.2V, kanti i-voltage yokunqamula ukushaja iphakathi kuka-3.6V no-3.65V. Ngesikhathi sokushaja, ama-ion e-lithium ayaphuma kwi-lithium iron phosphate bese ehamba nge-electrolyte aye kwi-anode, azifake ezintweni ze-carbon. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ama-electron akhishwa kwi-cathode bese ehamba ngesifunda sangaphandle aye kwi-anode ukuze kugcinwe ibhalansi yokusabela kwamakhemikhali. Ngesikhathi sokukhishwa, ama-ion e-lithium asuka kwi-anode aye kwi-cathode nge-electrolyte, kuyilapho ama-electron ehamba esuka kwi-anode aye kwi-cathode ngesifunda sangaphandle, enikeza amandla ezweni langaphandle.
Ibhethri le-lithium iron phosphate lihlanganisa izinzuzo eziningi: ukuminyana kwamandla aphezulu, usayizi omncane, ukushaja okusheshayo, ukuqina, kanye nokuqina okuhle. Kodwa-ke, futhi libiza kakhulu phakathi kwawo wonke amabhethri. Ngokuvamile lisekela ukushaja komjikelezo ojulile ongu-1500-2000 futhi lingahlala iminyaka engu-8-10 ngaphansi kokusetshenziswa okuvamile. Lisebenza ngaphakathi kwebanga lokushisa elibanzi elisukela ku--40°C kuya ku-70°C.
2. Amabhethri e-Colloidal avame ukusetshenziswa ezibanini zasemgwaqweni zelanga:
Iyini ibhethri le-colloidal?
Ibhethri le-colloidal uhlobo lwebhethri le-lead-acid lapho i-gelling agent ifakwa khona ku-sulfuric acid, iguqule i-electrolyte ibe yisimo esifana nejeli. Lawa mabhethri, ane-electrolyte yawo ye-gelled, abizwa ngokuthi amabhethri e-colloidal. Ngokungafani namabhethri e-lead-acid avamile, amabhethri e-colloidal athuthukisa izakhiwo ze-electrochemical zesakhiwo sesisekelo se-electrolyte.
Amabhethri e-Colloidal awanakekelwa, anqoba izinkinga zokunakekelwa ezivame ukuhambisana namabhethri e-lead-acid. Isakhiwo sawo sangaphakathi sithatha indawo ye-liquid sulfuric acid electrolyte ngenguqulo ye-gelled, okuthuthukisa kakhulu isitoreji samandla, amandla okukhipha, ukusebenza kokuphepha, kanye nesikhathi sokuphila, ngezinye izikhathi aze asebenze kangcono kunamabhethri e-lithium-ion e-ternary ngokwentengo. Amabhethri e-Colloidal angasebenza ngaphakathi kwebanga lokushisa elisukela ku--40°C kuya ku-65°C, okwenza afaneleke ukusetshenziswa ezindaweni ezibandayo. Aphinde amelane nokushaqeka futhi angasetshenziswa ngokuphephile ngaphansi kwezimo ezahlukahlukene ezinzima. Impilo yawo yesevisi iphindwe kabili noma ngaphezulu uma iqhathaniswa namabhethri ajwayelekile e-lead-acid.
3. Amabhethri e-lithium-ion e-NMC avame ukusetshenziswa ezibanini zasemgwaqweni zelanga:
Amabhethri e-NMC lithium-ion anikeza izinzuzo eziningi: amandla aphezulu athile, usayizi omncane, kanye nokushaja okusheshayo. Ngokuvamile asekela ukushaja komjikelezo ojulile okungu-500-800, okuphila isikhathi eside okufana namabhethri e-colloidal. Izinga lawo lokushisa lokusebenza liyi--15°C kuya ku-45°C. Kodwa-ke, amabhethri e-NMC lithium-ion nawo anezinkinga, okuhlanganisa nokuqina okuncane kwangaphakathi. Uma ekhiqizwa abakhiqizi abangafaneleki, kunengozi yokuqhuma ngesikhathi sokushaja ngokweqile noma ezindaweni zokushisa eziphakeme.
4. Amabhethri e-lead-acid avame ukusetshenziswa ezibanini zasemgwaqweni zelanga:
Amabhethri e-lead-acid anama-electrode akhiwe nge-lead ne-lead oxide, ane-electrolyte eyenziwe ngesisombululo se-sulfuric acid. Izinzuzo ezibalulekile zamabhethri e-lead-acid yi-voltage yawo eqinile kanye nezindleko eziphansi. Kodwa-ke, anamandla athile aphansi, okuholela evolumu enkulu uma kuqhathaniswa namanye amabhethri. Isikhathi sawo sokuphila sifushane, ngokuvamile sisekela ukushaja okungu-300-500 komjikelezo ojulile, futhi adinga ukulungiswa njalo. Naphezu kwalezi zimo ezimbi, amabhethri e-lead-acid asasetshenziswa kakhulu embonini yezibani zasemgwaqweni zelanga ngenxa yenzuzo yawo yezindleko.
Ukukhethwa kwebhethri lezibani zasemgwaqweni zelanga kuncike ezintweni ezifana nokusebenza kahle kwamandla, isikhathi sokuphila, izidingo zokunakekelwa, kanye nezindleko. Uhlobo ngalunye lwebhethri lunezinzuzo zalo ezihlukile, oluhlangabezana nezidingo nezimo ezahlukene, okuqinisekisa ukuthi izibani zasemgwaqweni zelanga zihlala ziyisisombululo sokukhanya esithembekile nesiqhubekayo.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Julayi-05-2024
