Njengengxenye ebalulekile yezimoto zikagesi, amabhethri e-lithium-ion azoba nomthelela othile kwezemvelo ngesikhathi sesigaba sokusebenzisa.Ukuze kuhlaziywe kabanzi umthelela wemvelo, amaphakethe ebhethri e-lithium-ion, ahlanganisa izinto ezihlukene eziyi-11, akhethwa njengento yocwaningo.Ngokusebenzisa indlela yokuhlola umjikelezo wempilo kanye nendlela yesisindo se-entropy ukuze kulinganiswe umthwalo wendawo, kwakhiwa uhlelo lokuhlola inkomba enamazinga amaningi olusekelwe ezicini zebhethri lemvelo.
Ukuthuthuka okusheshayo kwemboni yezokuthutha1 kudlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni komnotho nenhlalakahle.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, iphinde idle inani elikhulu lamafutha ezinto ezimbiwa phansi, okubangela ukungcoliswa okukhulu kwemvelo.Ngokusho kwe-IEA (2019), cishe ingxenye yesithathu yokukhishwa kwe-CO2 yomhlaba wonke ivela emkhakheni wezokuthutha.Ukuze kuncishiswe isidingo esikhulu samandla kanye nomthwalo wemvelo embonini yezokuthutha emhlabeni wonke, ukufakwa kukagesi embonini yezokuthutha kuthathwa njengenye yezinyathelo ezibalulekile zokunciphisa intuthu engcolisayo.Ngakho, ukuthuthukiswa kwezimoto ezinobungani bemvelo nezisimeme, ikakhulukazi izimoto zikagesi (EVs), sekube yindlela ethembisayo embonini yezimoto.
Kusukela kuHlelo Lweminyaka Eyi-12 Lweminyaka Emihlanu (2010-2015), uhulumeni waseShayina unqume ukugqugquzela ukusetshenziswa kwezimoto zikagesi ukwenza uhambo luhlanzeke.Kodwa-ke, isimo esibucayi somnotho siphoqelele amazwe ukuthi abhekane nezinkinga ezifana nenkinga kagesi, ukukhuphuka kwamanani kaphethiloli, ukuntuleka kwemisebenzi okukhuphukayo, ukukhuphuka kwamandla emali, njll., okuye kwathinta ingqondo yezenhlalakahle, ikhono labathengi kanye nokuthatha izinqumo kukahulumeni.Ngakho-ke, ukwamukelwa okuphansi nokwamukelwa kwezimoto zikagesi kuvimbela ukwamukelwa kusenesikhathi kwezimoto zikagesi emakethe.
Ngokuphambene nalokho, ukuthengiswa kwezimoto ezisebenza ngophethiloli kwaqhubeka kwehla, futhi umkhuba wokukhula kwenani labanikazi wehla.Ngamanye amazwi, ngokuqiniswa kwemithethonqubo kanye nokuvuswa kokuqwashisa ngemvelo, ukuthengiswa kwezimoto ezivamile zamafutha kushintshile ngokuphambene nokuthengiswa kwezimoto zikagesi, futhi izinga lokungena kwezimoto zikagesi landa ngokushesha.Njengamanje, amabhethri e-lithium-ion (LIB) ayisinqumo esihle kunazo zonke emkhakheni wezimoto zikagesi ngenxa yesisindo sazo esilula, ukusebenza kahle, ukuminyana kwamandla aphezulu kanye nokuphuma kwamandla aphezulu.Ngaphezu kwalokho, amabhethri e-lithium-ion, njengobuchwepheshe obuyinhloko bezinhlelo zokugcina amabhethri, nawo anamandla amakhulu mayelana nokuthuthukiswa kwamandla okusimeme kanye nokunciphisa okukhulu kokukhishwa kwekhabhoni.
Enqubweni yokuphromotha, izimoto zikagesi ngezinye izikhathi zibhekwa njengezimoto ezikhipha i-zero, kodwa ukukhiqizwa nokusetshenziswa kwamabhethri azo kunomthelela omkhulu emvelweni.Ngenxa yalokho, ucwaningo lwakamuva lugxile kakhulu ezinzuzweni zemvelo zezimoto zikagesi.Kunocwaningo oluningi ngezigaba ezintathu zokukhiqiza, ukusetshenziswa kanye nokulahlwa kwezimoto zikagesi, kuthathe amabhethri amathathu e-lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide (NCM) asetshenziswa kakhulu kanye ne-lithium iron phosphate (LFP) emakethe yezimoto zikagesi yaseChina njengoba isifundo futhi wenza ukuhlaziya okukhethekile.kulawa mabhethri amathathu asuselwe ekuhlolweni komjikelezo wempilo (LCA) wezigaba zokukhiqiza, ukusetshenziswa kanye nokugaywa kabusha kwamabhethri adonsayo.Imiphumela ibonisa ukuthi ibhethri ye-lithium iron phosphate inokusebenza okungcono kwezemvelo kunebhethri eliphindwe kathathu ezimweni ezijwayelekile, kodwa ukusebenza kahle kwamandla esigabeni sokusebenzisa akukuhle njengebhethri eliphindwe kathathu, futhi linenani eliningi lokugaywa kabusha.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-10-2023
