ISpain izoba yisibonelo samandla aluhlaza eYurophu. Umbiko wakamuva weMcKinsey uthi: “ISpain inemithombo eminingi yemvelo kanye namandla avuselelekayo ancintisanayo kakhulu, indawo ehlelekile kanye nomnotho othuthukile kwezobuchwepheshe… ukuze ibe ngumholi waseYurophu emandleni azinzile nahlanzekile.” Umbiko uthi iSpain kufanele itshale imali ezindaweni ezintathu ezibalulekile: ukufakwa kukagesi, i-hydrogen eluhlaza kanye ne-biofuels.
Uma kuqhathaniswa nelinye izwe laseYurophu, izimo zemvelo zaseSpain ziyinika ithuba eliphakeme kakhulu lokukhiqizwa kwamandla omoya nelanga. Lokhu, kuhlanganiswe namandla okukhiqiza asevele enamandla ezweni, indawo yezepolitiki enhle kanye "nenethiwekhi enamandla yabathengi be-hydrogen abangaba khona", kuvumela izwe ukuthi likhiqize i-hydrogen ehlanzekile ngezindleko eziphansi kakhulu kunamazwe amaningi angomakhelwane kanye nabalingani bezomnotho. UMcKinsey ubike ukuthi izindleko ezimaphakathi zokukhiqiza i-hydrogen eluhlaza eSpain zingama-euro angu-1.4 ngekhilogramu uma kuqhathaniswa nama-euro angu-2.1 ngekhilogramu eJalimane. if(window.innerWidth
Leli yithuba elimangalisayo kwezomnotho, ingasaphathwa eyesikhulumi esibalulekile sobuholi besimo sezulu. ISpain ibeke eceleni ama-euro ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-18 (amaRandi ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingu-19.5) okutshalwa kwezimali ekukhiqizweni nasekusatshalalisweni kwe-hydrogen eluhlaza (igama elijwayelekile le-hydrogen elitholakala emithonjeni yamandla avuselelekayo), "kuze kube manje yilona umzamo waseYurophu ozimisele kakhulu wokwethula ubuchwepheshe obubalulekile emandleni omhlaba". isizwe sokuqala esishintsha isimo sezulu," ngokusho kweBloomberg, "izwekazi elingathathi hlangothi." "ISpain inethuba eliyingqayizivele lokuba yiSaudi Arabia ye-hydrogen eluhlaza," kusho uCarlos Barrasa, iphini likamongameli wamandla ahlanzekile enkampanini yokuhluza yendawo iCepsa SA.
Kodwa-ke, abagxeki baxwayisa ngokuthi amandla avuselelekayo akhona awanele ukukhiqiza i-hydrogen eluhlaza ngobuningi obanele ukufaka esikhundleni segesi namalahle kumakhemikhali kaphethroli, ukukhiqizwa kwensimbi kanye nemikhiqizo yezolimo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umbuzo uphakama ukuthi ngabe wonke la mandla aluhlaza awusizo kakhulu kwezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza. Umbiko omusha ovela kwi-International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA) uxwayisa "ngokusetshenziswa kwe-hydrogen ngokungakhethi", unxusa abenzi bezinqubomgomo ukuba bahlole izinto eziza kuqala ngokucophelela futhi bacabangele ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kabanzi kwe-hydrogen "kungase kungahambisani nezidingo zamandla e-hydrogen." Susa i-carbon emhlabeni. Umbiko uthi i-hydrogen eluhlaza "idinga amandla avuselelekayo azinikele angasetshenziswa kwezinye izindlela zokugcina." Ngamanye amazwi, ukuphambukisa amandla aluhlaza amaningi kakhulu ekukhiqizweni kwe-hydrogen empeleni kunganciphisa yonke intshukumo yokususa i-carbonization.
Kukhona enye inkinga ebalulekile: lonke elaseYurophu lingase lingakulungeli ukugcwala okunjalo kwe-hydrogen eluhlaza. Ngenxa yeSpain, kuzoba khona ukutholakala, kodwa ingabe isidingo sizohambisana nakho? ISpain kakade inokuxhumana okuningi kwegesi okukhona nenyakatho yeYurophu, okuvumela ukuthi ithumele ngokushesha nangokushibhile isitokwe sayo esikhulayo se-hydrogen eluhlaza, kodwa ingabe lezi zimakethe zilungile? IYurophu isaphikisana ngalokho okubizwa ngokuthi “i-Green Deal” ye-EU, okusho ukuthi amazinga kagesi kanye nezilinganiso kusesemoyeni. Ukhetho luyeza eSpain ngoJulayi olungashintsha isimo sezepolitiki esisekela ukusabalala kwe-hydrogen eluhlaza okwamanje, okwenza kube nzima udaba lwezepolitiki.
Kodwa-ke, umkhakha obanzi womphakathi nowangasese waseYurophu ubonakala usekela ukuguqulwa kweSpain ibe yindawo ehlanzekile ye-hydrogen yezwekazi. I-BP ingumtshali-zimali omkhulu we-hydrogen eluhlaza eSpain kanti iNetherlands isanda kubambisana neSpain ukuvula umzila wolwandle oluhlaza okotshani we-ammonia ukusiza ukuthutha i-hydrogen eluhlaza kulo lonke izwekazi.
Kodwa-ke, ochwepheshe baxwayisa ngokuthi iSpain kumele iqaphele ukuthi ingaphazamisi izintambo zokuphakelwa kwamandla ezikhona. “Kukhona ukulandelana okunengqondo,” kusho uMartin Lambert, inhloko yocwaningo lwe-hydrogen e-Oxford Institute for Energy Research, etshela iBloomberg. “Isinyathelo sokuqala ukukhipha i-carbon ohlelweni lukagesi lwendawo ngangokunokwenzeka, bese kusetshenziswa amandla avuselelekayo asele.” adalelwe ukusetshenziswa kwendawo bese ethunyelwa kwamanye amazwe.” if(window.innerWidth
Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi iSpain isebenzisa i-hydrogen eluhlaza ngobuningi bendawo, ikakhulukazi "ekususeni i-carbonization ejulile" "okunzima ukuyifakela ugesi futhi okunzima ukuyiphatha izimboni" njengokukhiqiza insimbi. I-McKinsey Total Zero Scenario "icabanga ukuthi eSpain kuphela, ngaphandle kwanoma iyiphi imakethe yaseYurophu ebanzi, ukuhlinzekwa kwe-hydrogen kuzokwanda ngokuphindwe kasikhombisa ngo-2050." Ukufakwa kukagesi kanye nokususwa kwe-carbonization kuleli zwekazi kuzothatha isinyathelo esikhulu phambili.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Julayi-07-2023
